Self-realization is an unqualified, aware, present state of being. It is a synonym for enlightenment, nirvana, atma[1] jnana[2], etc. Self-realization occurs when one is awake and aware of one’s timeless essence, free of identification with any thought, emotion, memory, perception, object, or feeling. Self-realization is evident when these vrittis[3] (activities in consciousness) have subsided. The system of Yoga[4] was developed to encourage a repeatable procedure to experience Self-realization.
The central practice of Yoga which provides a route to Self-realization is samadhi[5]. Samadhi is cognitive absorption. It is a state of consciousness where one focuses attention to a point, such that one is aware of what is focused on at the exclusion of all else. Repeatedly accessing samadhi, in a conscious way, results in an experience of timelessness and freedom from identification with a sense of limitation.
Samadhi is the culmination of a structured approach to meditation which results in sustained, one-pointed focus. This structured approach is called Sanyama[6]. Sanyama is described in The Yoga Sutras, Chapter 3, verses 1-3 states, “Dharana[7] is a fixation of the field of consciousness within a focal point. The single directionality of thought towards the chosen focal point is meditation. When the field of consciousness reflects the chosen focal point alone, as if empty of its own form, there is cognitive absorption.”
[1] Atma Defined: The Self. Transcendent being.
[2] Jnana Defined: Knowledge. Not data, but wisdom/knowing.
[3] Vritti Defined: Fluctuations in the field of consciousness.
[4] Yoga Defined: A formal practice with the intention, structure and purpose to cultivate repeated experiences of spiritual experience that result in absolute soul-freedom.
[5] Samadhi Defined: Cognitive absorption.
[6] Sanyama Defined: Sustained focus on a chosen object of awareness that culminates in Samadhi.
[7] Dharana Defined: Focusing consciousness an a chosen object.
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