In this episode of This Could Save Your Life podcast, Dr Catherine Bourke and Dr Anna Mullins delve into the topic of diabetes mellitus, focusing primarily on type 2 diabetes and its prevention. They begin with what diabetes is and the key differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is described as an autoimmune condition where the body attacks its own insulin-producing beta cells, whereas type 2 diabetes is more linked to lifestyle and genetic factors over a prolonged period.
Dr Bourke and Dr Mullins highlight the symptoms of diabetes such as excessive thirst, hunger, frequent urination, and the more severe long-term risks like cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and nerve damage. They emphasise the significant impact both types of diabetes can have on individuals' quality of life.
They focused on the causes of type 2 diabetes, discussing the interplay between genetic predispositions and lifestyle choices. Along with emphasising the risk factors that contribute to developing type 2 diabetes, including a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, obesity, smoking, and certain medical conditions.
They also explain that pre-diabetes is a stage where intervention can successfully prevent the progression to full-blown diabetes. Dr Bourke and Dr Mullins advocate for weight loss, regular exercise, and possibly guided dietary changes as effective measures to prevent diabetes or even put it into remission.
They outlined who should be screened for diabetes, focusing on risk stratification based on various factors such as age, weight, family history, and ethnicity. Dr Bourke provides guidance on the screening process, especially for those in high-risk categories.
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