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Feb 2024
9m 44s

Temps (1) Définir l'indéfinissable

Jérôme RAVENET
About this episode

En partant du constat augustinien de la difficulté à définir le temps, nous reviendrons à trois grandes conceptions anciennes et modernes du temps.

1. Le temps comme mesure du mouvement au livre IV de la Physique d'Aristote,

2. le temps comme forme a priori du sens interne dans la Critique de la Raison Pure de Kant,

3. et le retour au temps comme expérience vécue de la "durée", dans l'Evolution Créatrice de Bergson.

On ouvrira en conclusion sur le besoin métaphysique d'éternité qui, selon Lucien Jerphagnon, se formule dans la philosophie plotinienne (néoplatonicienne) du temps...

Notions clés : temps/éternité, mouvement, mesure/nombre/mathématique, objectif/subjectif, droite/courbe, progrès/décadence, métaphysique/religions, forme a priori du sens interne, temps/durée/vécue de conscience, besoin métaphysique/éternité.

Références : Saint Augustin, Les confessions (IVe s. ap. JC); Aristote, Physique, IV, 11, 219 b12; E. Kant, Critique de la Raison Pure, ch. Esthétique transcendantale (1781); Henri Bergson, L'évolution créatrice, ch.1, PUF, p.9-10 (1907); Marcel Proust, La Recherche du temps perdu (XXe s.); Lucien Jerphagnon, Les Dieux ne sont jamais loin (2002).

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