Nietzsche's break with Wagner and the beginning of his philosophical career coincide with an adoring appreciation for Voltaire. Nietzsche made a pilgrimage to Voltaire's home in Ferney; an anonymous friend sent him a bust of the philosopher; he dedicated Human, All Too Human to Voltaire, and released it on the centennial of Voltaire's death. What was the significance of Voltaire, on Nietzsche's thought, and why did the definitive French philosophe eventually become less important to Nietzsche's philosophy? Join me as we explore Nietzsche's reverence for Voltaire, the key contrast in Nietzsche's thought between Voltaire and Rousseau, Voltaire as standing for an aristocratic spirit of Enlightenment against the anti-Enlightenment of the Germans and the cult of sentimentality, and finally, how Dionysus versus the Crucified eventually overcome the Voltaire versus Rousseau dichotomy.
Episode art: Triumphant France encourages Science and Arts in the midst of the war - Charles Meynier (1768-1832)