Dr. Maya Patel and Dr. Tetyana Gorbachova explore key vascular variants of the upper and lower extremities that radiologists may encounter on routine musculoskeletal imaging, highlighting how to recognize them and understand their clinical significance. They discuss the surgical implications of variants such as the persistent median artery, corona mortis, persistent sciatic artery, and aberrant anterior tibial artery, emphasizing how accurate identification can help prevent serious complications including neuropathy, hemorrhage, limb ischemia, and amputation.