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May 2021
9m 21s

EP05 1.412 billion! What do we know abou...

LEARN CHINESE WITH MEI
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00:00 - 05:38 Slow Speed Version

05:38 - 09:22 Normal speed version

Video with Full Script and PDF downloading (Pinyin/Chinese/English/Thai) please go to my Youtube Channel : Chinesewithmei Everyday.

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5月11日,中国发布了第七次全国人口普查的结果。

这些数据不包括香港、澳门、台湾的居民和外籍人员。

数据显示,中国的人口增长速度变慢了。

目前,中国的总人口是14.12亿, 与2010年的人口普查数据相比,

中国的人口增加了约7000万人,增长了5.38%,

年平均增长率为0.53%,比2010年下降了0.04个百分点。

14岁以下的人口约2.53亿,60岁以上的人口约2.64亿,

如果比较这两个数据,不难发现,

中国老年人口的数量超过了少儿人口,

这是自第一次人口普查以来第一次。

数据还显示,中国的出生率下降了。

2020年,中国新出生了1200万人。

育龄妇女的总生育率是1.3,处于比较低的水平。

这跟很多女性延迟生育、养育孩子的成本上升都有关系。

同时,中国人的家庭规模继续缩小,平均每个家庭的人数是2.62人,

2010年时,平均每个家庭的人数是3.10人。

家庭规模缩小的主要原因大概有:

中国人口的流动越来越频繁,

人们的住房条件越来越好,

年轻人在结婚后,离开父母独立居住等。

尽管中国的人口数量增长变慢,人口质量却有了极大的提升。

在每10万的中国人中,大概有15000人有大学的学历,而2010年还不到9000人;

男性人口仍然多于女性人口,男女比例为105.07:100,

跟2010年的数据比,稍微下降了一点。

这些数据将对中国未来的人口和经济政策调整提供重要参考。

中国的人口学家表示,这些数据意味着,

中国可能会加快退休改革, 比如提高退休年龄;

或者采取更多鼓励生育的措施。

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